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目标片段我们看看他们的口号,全天下的无产阶级联合起来,全天下的妇女站起来,全天下被压迫的人民站起来,对吧?这些都是具有普世意义的革命。我们把右派的态度可以总体的概括为Counter Revolutionary Romanticism反对革命的浪漫主义。这是一种反对普世的态度。OK解释完了左右之分之后,我们来到极端右翼。在这种我刚才对于左右的定义之上,我相信大家可以理解为什么在一定程度上,我们觉得极右的希特勒和极左的斯大林差不多有一定的相似性。但是我希望上面这个解释可以让大家理解,为什么我们会把希特勒的纳粹主义化为极右,而斯大林主义会被化为极左。
来源片段Like would you say like the neoliberal position is like not true leftism, so to speak. I know that's like kind of a very broad generalization. But would you broadly associate like the core of leftism with marks or at least some sort of like anti capitalist critique that ultimately is sort of an intention with liberalism. Yes, so I think. Yes, I think that I would identify and define leftism in part through a critique of liberalism and the inadequacy of liberalism.
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And does that actually have been described culture and morality deep within the kind of second nature of the human animal. Right, one that maybe stretches as far back as our pre history if you follow some of the comments and the genealogy. And if we follow that kind of path of inquiry there's really no way of disentangling our modes of material production from this form of deep sociality and deep and culture Asian. And I think that's kind of what Nietzsche is asking us to think about in many ways in a way that I think can actually be quite congruent with Marxism and doesn't require asserting any kind of sharp divide between base and superstructure or asserting any kind of deterministic
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普世想要强调国家文化独特性,这种立场来到了种族歧视,甚至优生学的立场。在这里我想说极端右翼这个观点其实是把人畜生化了。因为本来对于本土文明本国习俗的崇尚,我们崇尚的是这个文明里最高尚的那一部分。就像我刚才说的,我们强调的是传统一个国家的审美音乐、艺术历史,这些我们从理性视角无法立刻理解的部分,也隐藏了我们文明里面最璀璨的瑰宝,它是值得维护的,哪怕我们暂时无法理解它,暂时我们感到愤怒。
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within human society, within the society of any living organism, and recognizing that an ideal in which a society is fully purged of power relationships isn't just unrealistic, but might be in some sense, unintelligible in terms of human life as we understand it. And this isn't just human life in the sense of its needs of somehow being having power or hierarchy over others and dominating others. It's also I think in more much more fundamentally human life in terms of valuing things. So I think one of Nietzsche's most powerful critiques is of morality. And this I think
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我们鄙视这个把一切都尊为绩效的社会,我们鄙视把人扁平化成只会计算的小人。我们可能认为我们的情绪是有意义的,它是高尚的,它是浪漫的。我们愿意为了高尚的目标而牺牲自己,牺牲我的时间,牺牲我的精力,牺牲我的生命,乃至于自我摧毁。在尼采哲学中,我们可以找到刚才我描绘的这种绩效主义,或者说把人理解为只会计算的动物的这种最深刻的鄙视和批评。这种哲学一般都被追溯到一群英国人身上。
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agonistic democracy is a good way to describe it. And that democracy is interwoven in different forms of human social relationship rather than necessarily being centered in a political state. Seeing that as... It's not that equality is somehow impossible but that it is hard won and always has to be safeguarded against the encroachment of power relationships. And it's true that Nietzsche often has felt this form of equality to aristocratic societies. They established firms of inequality amongst this select aristoy and he would be skeptical of any
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尼采对于现代社会的诊断,这是一个病态的社会,这是一个充满了享乐主义功利主义的默认社会,这是一个不再懂得高尚牺牲的社会,极端右翼跟尼采的共性到这里就戛然而止了。他们提出的这些解决方案。在尼采论述中,我们是完全找不到的。很多时候这种解决方案充满了自我矛盾。比如说他们倾慕强者的独立,但是在历史上的所有极端右翼分子,往往都会选择像一个暴君臣服低头,