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目标片段也就是在开刊词一开头提到的那种对于世界的关心。在我和大家分析这些文本的时候，我最终希望能够在你面前揭示，这究竟是怎样的政治关怀，这是一个巨大的任务。为了抵达这个目的地，也就是这些文本背后的政治性，我们首先需要理解作者在说什么论述了怎样的论点，创造了怎样的故事，这是对文本本身的解读。其次，我们需要理解，作者继承了怎样的思想传统？在怎样的历史和文化背景中创作，又在和哪一些前人对话，这是一种思想史层面的考量。
来源片段conversation today? Well, the most important thing about the book that I wrote was that it is a history and I think you have to grasp the history in order to understand the nature of the meritocratic idea. And the meritocratic idea is essentially a critique of a particular sort of society, which is a sort of society which existed in most of the world throughout most of history. And that is a society which is ordered according to the principles of inheritance, that you inherit your position from your parents, the principle of family connection, that families do their very, very best to
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denigrating maritocracy, that I decided to write this book, looking at the history of maritocracy and looking at what it actually meant in practice. And I think that we've been very casual with democracy, very casual with capitalism, very willing to be hypocritical of those two things. And I think we've certainly, in the case of democracy, we've seen the dark side of criticising it. I think we're about to see the dark side of criticising maritocracy as well. Yeah, one of the things that strikes me in this conversation is that there's sometimes a sort of confusion of terms.
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这一核心政治学问题，难道不是既存在于学堂高阁之中，也活跃在腥臭鱼滩之间吗？我和亚历士多德一样，我认为八卦Doxa中自然蕴含着一条通往真理殿堂的悠悠小镜。在解释完了八卦和知识之间的相似之处之后，我想更具体的谈一谈。在这个读书会节目中，我所选的书籍在广义上，他们都属于政治思想史中的经典剧著也在这个层面确实和政治学有关。然而大家可能看得出来，在更狭隘的学科领域中，这些书看似毫无瓜葛，且横跨古典时代。
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capitalism, very willing to be hypocritical of those two things. And I think we've certainly, in the case of democracy, we've seen the dark side of criticising it. I think we're about to see the dark side of criticising maritocracy as well. Yeah, one of the things that strikes me in this conversation is that there's sometimes a sort of confusion of terms. So I grant that Michael Sandel's book, for example, has important insight about the darker sides of the maritocratic ethic that there are people who get to Harvard where he teaches and then go out and make a lot of money
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》在前不久刚刚出版，再比如说之所以讲卢梭和迪弗写的小说，是因为我在上个学期大学里开了一门叫做《红与黑理的政治哲学。》在准备讲稿的过程中，我试图理清楚作者斯汤达和其他思想家和文学作品之间的政治关系。再比如说之所以讲马基亚维利是因为那段时间我在大学里正好在教一门题为《如何统治世界》的课开课的第一个文本就是《君主论》。当然我关心这些看似横贯古今，涉及文者，使各个不挨着的领域的文本。是因为在我看来，他们共享的是一种更广义的政治关怀。也就是在开刊词一开头提到的那种对于世界的关心。
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I'm speculating here, I'm trying to think through it. I wonder whether there's also a more perfectionist account that may actually even appeal to some of the critics of meritocracy if they take it seriously, which is one of human flourishing and human development. One of the things that strikes me is that when I really started spending a lot of time in Italy, I was at college in your country, in England, I was at Cambridge, and I was very impressed with the people I went to university with. They were smart and hardworking. But I was also really impressed with the people I met in my village in Italy who had not gone to university, some of whom had not finished high school and who were interesting, smart,
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一个女人，一个年轻人在线上读书会中，我虽然在讲解同样的文本，但是我并不受到这些课堂规范化的限制。在某种程度上，这意味着我可以用我更加关心的方式思考。在读书会中讲解的很多文本。虽然我在大学课堂中也教过，但是其中很多的感悟和反思，尤其是这些思想如何在现代中国社会延续了他们的生命力。我并不会在美国大学中讨论，因为美国大学生不关心这些问题。正如托克维尔在观察美国的时候难以避免的联想到自己的家乡法国马基亚维利。在读古罗马历史学家李维的时候，总是在隐喻当代意大利。
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to recruit the sort of the intellectual elites and the entrepreneurs into its ranks, not just people who can recite the right slogans. They have a sense that in order to remain the leading cadre, they have to be clever about it. I'm not absolutely certain that China will degenerate, but what I am certain of is that we shouldn't underestimate our potential opponent. That would be very, very foolish. And if you look at Singapore, which in many ways is the model that the more intelligent parts of the Chinese elite have taken, Singapore has done a very, very good job of remaining
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而且这些人的对话方式几乎从来不是我们在学术会议上看到的那种假新新闻走走的王兄所言，即是张老师这个观点说的很深刻。哎，我在这个领域并没有这位老师专业，就不就论点本身做详细点评了，而是张扬跋扈、斩钉截铁的艳鸦群房和兵戎相见，与其说是思想的对话，不如说是思想上的战争，这也就意味着真正的理解本身也许是一种政治行为，起码需要基于一种对于政治的思考思想家，之所以能够作为思想家立足于人类文明，被今天的我们所铭记所学习，