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目标片段在沙威生命，最终他拥有人性的那一刻，恰恰是他美德带来巨大危机的这一刻，人性和美德之间的张力。我们当然可以把它用理论概括成是系统对于人的异化。但是说多了已经感觉这是一个未同较辣的阐述方式。每一个社会主义者在19世纪以来都是这么说的，我已经听过无数遍了，在知识上我可以用这个角度去理解。所有小说这有点懒惰。每一个学了这套理论的人都可以用这套理论去剖析社会和人性，没有什么新意。我已经知道了，压迫性的系统会异化人剥夺人的主体性。
来源片段Admittedly this is not very catchy in quote So you can get a feel for the way he writes his books there Now the point he's making just to briefly restate it is to notice the monotheism present in our thinking That relies on that renunciative tradition that nicha thinks is the decay of society We're always striving for that monotheistic life denying ideal Whether that's moral idealism and philosophy religious ideals or in liberal democracies But as far as we can tell when it comes to the way people looked at things in pre-socratic greece People more saw themselves as being caught up in the middle of a bunch of different messed up gods all with competing interests and ideas of what the good is
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If your expectation of it is idealized that it's going to solve human conflict entirely or that it's going to provide a Universal morality for all situations This is yet another common life denying tendency of the modern world that tragedy is never going to be assuming And again realizing this could be for someone yet another one of those life affirming perspective shifts And just so we don't kind of interrupt the show at any point beyond this I want to thank everyone that goes through the sponsors today for an ad-free experience to the show So at any level at patreon.com slash philosophize this first up today is mud water So as many of you know, I'm from the seattle area So coffee has always been a part of my life the coffee appears not like a lot of other coffee though
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你可以说余果和朵斯托耶夫斯基生活的19世纪现代社会里面主流的有关为什么要惩罚坏人的观点？因为做了错事，就要受到惩罚。这不但是最基础的人之常情，它也是每一个社会的基础，一个无法惩罚坏人的社会。它不是一个法治社会，它是一个价值序列颠倒的混乱社会没有人在听这个播客的你你不可能想生活在一个无法惩罚坏人的社会。我在那期播客里，我讨论的是对于古典自由者、古典自由主义者和德国自由主义者来说，在社会层面社会惩罚坏人的目的，
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What's more likely you think that you've arrived at an objective view of morality? Or that you're just ignoring a lot of the details of the world that would make you aware of how messy the situations you're involved in really are See from the tragic perspective human conflict moral decision-making is a complicated thing Again, it would be nice if life was a modern movie and there was a clear good side and a clear evil side And a clear right answer that points to a moral ideal that any reasonable person could agree with But the tragedies of these early greek societies. It was never this clear cut I mean the main character of the story in a tragedy is usually a deeply deeply flawed individual
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那我们我们可以说每一个社会都会通过制定法律来定义。什么是犯罪，什么是正义，这是世俗定义上的正义，每一个社会都需要世俗定义conventional justice.但是人心会通过对于人性的反思来定义，什么是犯罪？有时候哪怕法律说这个人有罪，人心，可能会觉得这个人并没有罪。这是你可以说是超越世俗正义的自然正义natural justice.我们在悲惨世界和罪与罚看到的是警察和男主角的关系，都是警察和一个罪犯的关系。