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目标片段但是呢我这里列举亚利士多德的对比，就是想说等一会儿我们讨论普鲁塔克的时候，就会发现他考虑到了一个亚利士多德在尼格马可伦理学中没有考虑的问题，那就是一个自吹自擂的人，哪怕是一个货真价实的自吹自擂的人，他要面临的一个真实的问题，就是你的自我赞美的这个行为有可能会遭人厌烦。不管你是不是真的值得这个赞美，这是普鲁塔克在他这篇文章里关心的最核心的问题。对于我们来说呢，这明显是一个更重要的问题，对吧？
来源片段But a question remains still, even after Heraclitus. He hasn't put to bed every metaphysical problem simply by rejecting this idea of static being. Perhaps the best way to put this question to ourselves is to consider something that I didn't really mention when we were talking about Heraclitus, but is an important element of Heraclitus' philosophy in light of the response to it. When we say that quote-unquote, the world is eternal to Heraclitus, we necessarily mean existence itself.
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Brilliant and important though, Democratist was, what came forth after him was the good, the theory of the forms, the moralistic interpretation of the world as supreme. Well, if I was to speculate about what Nietzsche would have written about this, had he concluded his essay, we might begin by pointing out the antipathy of Plato toward Democratists. We might also consider the ways in which the prepletonics have been generally dismissed or treated as, at best, a mere prelude to Socrates, when in fact Socrates and Plato seemingly turned the spirit of the prepletonics on its head. The significance of the prepletonic philosophy might be recognized in the difference between the artful, leaping style of the single-minded sages and the style of Plato, the slow, ponderous, systematizing style.
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这其中包括了当你需要冒险，冒着遭人厌烦的危险，赞美自己的时候，你要如何自吹自擂，如何不让别人觉得你烦此人了，如何无伤大雅的自我表扬？这也是为什么蒙田对于普鲁塔克大家赞扬，为什么卢梭说，要是我有了小孩。这个小孩只读普鲁塔克就可以了。我们可以说亚历士多德告诉你，什么是人普鲁塔克教你怎么做人。希望上述这个对比能够对你有所帮助。下面我们终于来讨论这篇文章。这个文章的第一小节，普鲁塔克提出了一个很严肃的悖论。他引用了另外一个古希腊哲学家色诺芬。他说就像色诺芬说的一样，当赞美之词来自别人的时候，它是世界上最愉悦的声音，最令人愉快的声音就是别人的赞美。
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Well, if I was to speculate about what Nietzsche would have written about this, had he concluded his essay, we might begin by pointing out the antipathy of Plato toward Democratists. We might also consider the ways in which the prepletonics have been generally dismissed or treated as, at best, a mere prelude to Socrates, when in fact Socrates and Plato seemingly turned the spirit of the prepletonics on its head. The significance of the prepletonic philosophy might be recognized in the difference between the artful, leaping style of the single-minded sages and the style of Plato, the slow, ponderous, systematizing style. And if we are to admit that Parmenides anticipated the coming of Plato, it should only be with the caveat that Plato borrowed from him, pilfered from him, worked his ideas into a broader system which ultimately rejected Parmenides' entire project.
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西塞罗就是这样的一个典型案例。所以说嫉妒是自我赞美这个现象中一个非常重要的恶习。我们在这篇文章的开头，其实看到的是普鲁塔克严厉而深刻的对于自吹自蕾这个行为的批评和剖析，他指出了自吹自蕾本身这个行为是一件危险的事情，因为他遭人厌烦，他不雅观。但是尽管如此，话虽这么说，普鲁塔克认识到了他对于这个想要学习如何成为一个成熟的政治家的古希腊同学们说，
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I'm joined by Grant Bartolome Dowling, a scholar of ancient philosophy who is finishing his dissertation on Plato's Socratic Dialogues and who is especially interested in Parmenides, the thinker who loomed large for Plato's philosophy as well as Plato's psyche. Grant, welcome to the underworld. I'm glad you could join us today on entitled opinions. Thank you very much, Robert. So our topic, Grant, is the dark places of wisdom and it's somewhat recondite esoteric topic, I'd say. And we're going to be talking a lot about the ancient Greek philosopher Parmenides, whose philosophical poem on nature, I know that that's a title that was given to it probably not by him, but it's called known as On Nature.
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各位是不是还记得在我还没有火力全开的时候，我还没有进化成一个举着加特灵炮扫射其他知识分子的时候，我还是会比较淳朴的，跟大家讨论一些有意思的文本和书稿。没错， 今天我们回归早期读书不成零。之前我们讨论过很多期休息底德讨论过很多期，亚利士多德 讨论过很多期柏拉图。今天，我们来跟着另外一位罗马帝国时代的古希腊作家普鲁塔克一起学习一些有用的小知识，如何不令人生艳的自吹自擂，如何不失体面的自我赞美，这真的是他写的一篇文章Disei Ipsum Citra Invidium Laudando用拉丁语写的一篇文章。