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目标片段所以我们倾向于相信，那么在这种缺乏悲剧性的世界观中，我们我们倾向于相信，真正的批评者是可以通过努力把自己脑海中的理论这个理论中的完美世界带到现实之中，理论中的完美世界。
来源片段And so they end up believing in nothing. So I don't think we can say that Nietzsche is saying we should dismiss all previous philosophers because of the errors in their thinking, and their own misunderstanding of the world to truth, because those who have followed logic through to the end find that the only absolute certainty they have is nothingness, and thus they're actually seeking nothingness, they're actually seeking nihilism.
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And I think it's important to bring those up because the counter image of other types of philosophers in making a distinction between that and the Socratic type of philosophy, which to many people, the Socratic type of philosophy is philosophy in general, right? That I think that's one of Nietzsche's most important criticisms that we tend to think of philosophy only in Socratic terms. And even though a lot of the ideas of Socrates and Plato are not followed today, we still see it as this pursuit of rigorous logic, rigorous all-encompassing logic. But he gives these alternate images that begin to then, I think, inspire and influence what he would later say is what he would prefer, the way he would prefer to look at philosophy.
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你这个批评对于中国语境没有意义。我觉得在这个态度中，我看到的是一种狭隘而无趣。对于批评的理解，因为我们认为批评一定要指明道性，类似于殉道者的批评。只有这样的批评，在很多人眼中才是勇敢的、尖锐的，才是和当代情况相关的批评。但是从我的角度来说，我们纵观思想史看到的是很多更加巧妙、更加讽刺的批评方式，面对不能批评的人群和事物，通过一些在明白人眼中点到为止的方式，建立起了一座思想的防御墙。
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It's the book where Nietzsche most comprehensively deals with these issues, in my opinion. He begins Beyond Good and Evil book one by addressing himself to the question of the will to truth, how the will to truth is the thing that has motivated all philosophers. But there's a troublesome aspect to it, right? And that Nietzsche doesn't believe it's been adequately tackled by any philosopher thus far. So he writes, quote, the will to truth, which will still tempt us to many a venture, that famous truthfulness of which all philosophers so far have spoken with respect, what questions has this will to truth not laid before us?
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这种对于完美正义、完美生活的描绘，对于乌托邦的追求，这个描绘本身难道不是一个反乌托邦的描绘吗？我觉得理想国看似他的名声，是一本最著名的古代乌托邦理想主义的书。但是实际上任何一个读完这本书的人都知道，他描绘的这个理想世界是多么的不理想，不可能实现他想要追求的这个所谓最完美的正义是多么的不正义。柏拉图在自理行间看似是在描绘年轻人对于完美正义的渴望。实际上我们看到的是这种对于完美正义渴望的批评。可能。柏拉图这个例子对于我们来说过于遥远。
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That I think that's one of Nietzsche's most important criticisms that we tend to think of philosophy only in Socratic terms. And even though a lot of the ideas of Socrates and Plato are not followed today, we still see it as this pursuit of rigorous logic, rigorous all-encompassing logic.
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除此之外，我们想象不到任何委婉的批评，我觉得这种想象力的评级和无趣。其中最重要的原因是因为现代人缺乏悲剧感，我们最大的特质就是我们不再相信理论和实践之间可能会有无法调和的悲剧真理和政治生活之间可能会有无法调和的悲剧，